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Phases of Digital Forensics

Updated Jan 30, 2024 ·

Identification​

Recognizing and determining relevant data or digital evidence.

  • Identify the devices and data sources.
  • Determine what is considered potential evidence.
  • Define the scope and boundaries of the investigation.

Collection​

Gathering and acquiring digital evidence while preserving its integrity.

  • Proper handling and documentation to maintain a chain of custody.
  • Use forensically sound methods to collect data.
  • Maintain a clear chain of custody.
  • Document each step in the collection process.
  • Follow proper acquisition procedure.

Analysis​

Examining collected data to uncover relevant information, patterns, or evidence.

  • Examine the data for hidden, deleted, or altered information.
  • Use specialized tools to analyze different types of digital evidence.
  • Draw connections and correlations among different data points.

Reporting​

The final phase where findings from the analysis are documented and presented.

  • Prepare a detailed and coherent report of findings.
  • Ensure the report is accessible to non-technical audiences.
  • Include necessary information for legal proceedings, such as evidence handling and conclusions.

After Action Review (AAR)​

An After Action Review (AAR) is a structured process for analyzing incidents or exercises to improve future performance.

  • Evaluate response effectiveness.
  • Identify lessons learned.
  • Foster continuous improvement.

Key Components​

  • Participation: Involve all relevant stakeholders for diverse insights.
  • Documentation: Collect data, timelines, decisions, and actions.
  • Analysis: Assess successes and failures in processes and outcomes.

Steps in Conducting an AAR​

  1. Preparation:

    • Schedule shortly after the incident.
    • Gather reports, logs, and communications.

  2. Conducting the Review:

    • Facilitate open discussions.
    • Use guiding questions to evaluate intentions vs. outcomes.

  3. Documenting Findings:

    • Summarize key findings and recommendations.
    • Highlight successful strategies and areas needing improvement.

  4. Follow-Up:

    • Share the report with stakeholders.
    • Monitor implementation of action items.