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Distributed Computing Models

Updated Jan 30, 2024 ·

Client-based System​

These are systems where applications execute entirely on a single user device.

  • Devices include workstations or smartphones
  • Does not require network resources
  • Easy to install and use since all resources are local
  • Limited sharing and collaboration capabilities

N-tier Architecture​

An N-tier architecture divides applications into multiple layers, each responsible for a specific function.

  • Layered architecture with multiple computing components
  • Applications are distributed among these components
  • Includes presentation, business logic, and data storage
  • Easier updates and system scaling without affecting other layers

Client/Server Model​

The client/server model is a common computing architecture where a central server processes requests from multiple client machines.

  • Central server handles client requests
  • Clients request actions like data retrieval or calculations
  • Example: web browsers (clients) requesting web pages from servers

Distributed Computing​

In distributed computing, many systems share the responsibility of processing large tasks by working on smaller pieces simultaneously.

  • Divides tasks among multiple systems
  • Efficient for solving large-scale problems
  • Example: SETI project using home computers to search for extraterrestrial life

Security concerns with distributed computing:

  • Risk of sharing sensitive information with untrusted nodes
  • Malicious users could gain control of participant systems
  • P2P networks may expose users to illegal activities

Grid Computing​

Grid computing uses a centralized system to coordinate the resources of many individual computers to work on a single task.

  • Creates a virtual supercomputer
  • Centralized controller assigns tasks to grid members
  • Useful for large data processing

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Computing​

P2P computing is a distributed model where systems collaborate to offer services to each other, often without a central controller.

  • No central authority, all nodes are equal
  • Examples: BitTorrent, Bitcoin, Tor network